Jennifer Bradley, founding director of the Aspen Institute Center for Urban Innovation, an international think tank that advocates for a values-led approach to piloting and implementing urban technologies. “I’m a big digital city skeptic. I think of it as more of a marketing term, a way that cities seek to distinguish themselves from other cities,” Bradley says. Technology that makes cities more efficient, resilient, and collaborative has advanced to the point where using digital tools is just another characteristic of being a well-run city, she suggests. Having a digital layer to city infrastructure, such as cloud-based management of services, is going to be taken for granted by the public. Residents are “waking up from the tech sugar rush” and viewing technological change more skeptically, she says. They also are increasingly wary about who will get the actual benefit from change—them, or the tech giants marketing their products to governments. “People are starting to say, that’s cool, that’s flashy, but what problem does it solve?”